A Regional Primary System?

Following last week's launch of the Fast Track Campaign special, Capitol Briefing caught up with Sen. Lamar Alexander (R-Tenn.) at the end of last week to get a better sense of his plan to introduce legislation that would re-craft the presidential primary season.

Alexander, a two-time candidate for the GOP nomination for the White House, said he wants to nail down legislation with Sen. Joseph Lieberman (I-Conn.) before the July 4th recess or shortly thereafter. In the most optimistic view, Alexander said, "Hopefully that means next week."

Alexander and Lieberman, the 2000 Democratic vice-presidential nominee whose 2004 presidential bid didn't last past the New Hampshire primary, are upset to see the dramatically front-loaded primary and caucus schedule, which could come very close to determining the two nominees by Feb. 5.

The latest examples of this effect can be found in the schedule of Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz.), who, according to washingtonpost.com's campaign tracker, is doing seven fundraisers today and tomorrow in Florida. In addition, his aides announced today that the senator will also do two public events in the state, whose primary is now slated for Jan. 29 -- meaning continued media exposure is almost as important as the dollars he raises there. And Sen. Barack Obama (D-Ill.) is exiting the fund-raising circuit Saturday afternoon for a public address in Hartford, home to Connecticut's Feb. 5 primary.

Alexander said the model for federal legislation is based on a 1999 bill that Lieberman co-wrote that would have created a regional primary system. That bill would have created a system of four rotating regions, with a cluster of 13 mid-Atlantic and Northeast states voting on the first Tuesday of March, with a southern group of states going the first Tuesday of April, a Midwest group the first Tuesday of May and a Mountain West and far West group going last, the first Tuesday of June.

The next election, the order would be rotated so that no region would always go first. That bill, which was referred to the Senate Rules and Administration Committee, went nowhere legislatively speaking. And it's unclear if its prospects would be any better in a Democratically controlled Congress. It's also certain that nothing done by Alexander and Lieberman could be accomplished in time to alter the 2008 fast-track campaign, but possibly elections in the future.

Lieberman's office said the senator was still speaking with Alexander about the details of his proposals. "We're looking at Senator Alexander's ideas before we make any final decisions," an aide said.

But Alexander added that he also wants to add some form of campaign finance legislation into the bill. Restricting campaign finances has largely been anathema among conservatives, so it will be interesting to see what Alexander proposes. For now, he's declining to spell out what sort of new rules would apply, but he bemoaned the fact that former governors such as Tommy Thompson (Wisc.) and Mike Huckabee (Ark.) were struggling because of their poor financial standing.

"The campaign finance problems make it hard for these candidates to get on stage," he said.

And Alexander expressed little concern about the constitutionality of imposing a federal timeline on a primary campaign schedule that has otherwise been left up to individual states to determine, with some oversight from national party committees.

"It's the election of the president, Congress has a role," he said.

By Paul Kane |  June 19, 2007; 2:18 PM ET 2008 Campaign
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Posted by: Anonymous | June 19, 2007 10:38 PM

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Posted by: Patrick Huss | June 20, 2007 10:02 AM

And now, for something more to the point ...

Regional primaries and the like are akin to the old saw about rearranging the deck chairs on the Titanic.

The real source of the problem is the existence of the obsolete Electoral College, in which stategists of both parties, but no one in their right mind, have a vested interest. State-by-state primaries would become an irrelevancy if we didn't have a state-by-state Presidential election.

(A related question: why should state taxpayers have to finance an election that only members of a specific club are eligible to vote in?)

Short-term, the best solution has already been proposed by a prominent pol - sorry I can't remember whom - who called upon the parties to refuse to seat anyone at the convention who was not elected as a delegate in an open primary less than 60 or 90 days before the convention. Either party implementing this would presumably shame the other into following suit: problem solved.

Posted by: judgito | June 20, 2007 12:31 PM

Judgito, I am not sure I understand how your proposal addresses the problem, as I see it.
I live in Pennsylvania, which means that I will not ever have an opportunity to have a meaningful voice in choosing the candidate to represent my party for President. The reason for that is the late date of the Pennsylvania primary essentially gaurantees that the candidates will be decided before then.
One would think that moving up my state's primary might solve this, but, alas, many other states are moving up their own primaries and that may very well negate any positive change to the citizens of my state.
I don't understand, judgito, how your proposal sloves the problem I've just described.
I am afraid that without some sort of Federal intervention the States will continue to move the primaries into earlier and earlier dates - and I don't see that as having a positive effect on the electoral proccess.

Posted by: Patrick Huss | June 20, 2007 3:15 PM

Patrick, the entire point is to prod ALL the states (including NH, SC, IA) into moving the primaries back to at least May, if not June or July. Any earlier primary would be meaningless as far as convention delegates are concerned, and states would not likely opt to hold TWO primaries just to retain bragging rights. A "losing" candidate in an earlier primary would still be tied for first in actual delegate votes - with zero - until at least late spring, giving voters a better chance to vet them all.

But your point about Federal intervention is well-taken. The problem, however, is that parties are essentially private organizations, and nothing's to keep them from conducting their candidate searches in any way they choose. As long as the vast majority of voters are geared to vote only for Democrats or Republicans, elections (including the ultimate winners) are in the hands of an unelected miniscule minority of party movers and shakers, most of whose names are virtually unknown. Thus, my wistful (parenthetical) comment about not financing what are essentially private elections; now, that might be a real start, but could only be brought about by governors and legislators in the states, who, with few exceptions, are Republicans and Democrats - and so the circle goes.

Ultimately, as Franklin reputedly said, it's a republic only if we (voters) "can keep it." (Note: I'm a Pennsylvanian, too, so I feel your pain.)

Posted by: judgito | June 20, 2007 6:11 PM

I agree with judgito that the Electoral College has to go, but I've long believed in a rotating regional primary system, too. 2008's frontloaded clusterf%#k should implode the current "ever-evolving system" leading to the kind of reform Senators Alexander and Lieberman are advocating. But who didn't think the Electoral College disaster of 2000 would lead to some reform? I guess that was part of that "pre-9/11 thinking."

Posted by: blancmange | June 21, 2007 11:06 AM

judgito: State-by-state primaries would become an irrelevancy if we didn't have a state-by-state Presidential election.

This isn't obvious to me. Abolishing the Electoral College wouldn't create a national primary, unless the Constitutional amendment explicitly said so. There would still be nominating conventions, presumably made of up delegations from each state. So, I see the Electoral College and the primary schedule as separate problems.

An interesting alternative to the Lieberman plan is the American Plan being promoted by FairVote and others.

Posted by: Bob Richard | June 22, 2007 12:45 PM

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